What is Server-Side and Client-Side Scripting Languages || Complete information || Informative World

Client and Server Scripting Languages-

All websites generally run on two components namely

Client Scripting -

To view a website, user has to use a browser. This browser can be termed as a client. The client can use different tecnologies like mobile phones, laptops, computers, tablets etc, to view the websites. Here the client side scripitng is being used and processed. The client-side scripting is performed by a browser. 

Client-side scripting -

It performed to generate a code that can run on the client end (browser) without needing the server-side processing. Basically, these types of scripts are placed inside an HTML document. The client-side scripting can be used to examine the user's form for the errors before submitting it and for changing the content according to the user input. The web requires three elements for its functioning which are client, server and database. The effective client-side scripting can significantly reduce the server load. It is designed to run as a scripting language utilizing a web browser as a host program. For example, when a user makes a request via browser for a webpage to the server. It just sent the HTML and CSS as plain text and the browser interprets and renders the web content in the client end.

Client-side scripting languages -

HTML- It is the basic building blocks of web programming which provides the facility to create web pages for the website. It describes the arrangement of the content.

CSS - CSS provides the way to design the graphic elements which help in making the appearance of the web application more attractive.

JavaScript - It is also a client-side scripting language which essentially designed for the specific purpose, but currently there are various JavaScript frameworks used as server-side scripting technology.

The Server Scripting -

The server can, however, be at any remote place around the globe. The server can run back-end architecture of a website, process requests and response pages to the browser, and so on. Server-side scripiting is usually done by a web server. The server-side scripting usually happens on the back-end of a website. The user does not get access to view what happens here. 

The below figure shows how the back-end scripting is working properly.

Server-side scripting is a programming language which can run and execute on the server side. In simple words any scripting or programming laguage that can run on the web server is known as server-side scripting. The operations like customization of a website, dynamic change in the website content, response generation to the user's queries, accessing the database and so on are performed at the server end.

The server-side scripting constructs a communication link between a server and a client. Earlier the server side scripting is implemented by the CGI (Common Gateway Interface) scripts. The CGI was devised to execute the scripts from programming language such as C++ or Perl on the websites.

When a browser sends a request to the server for a webpage consisting of server-side scripting, the web server processes the script prior to serving the page to the browser. Here the processing of a script could include extracting information from a database, making simple calculations or choosing the appropriate content that is to be displayed in the client end. The script is being processed and the output is sent to the browser. The web server abstracts the scripts from the end until serving the content, which makes the data and source code more sercure. 

Server-side scripting languages - 

After the introduction of CGI, multiple programming language were evolved such as PHP, Python, Ruby, ColdFusion, C#, Java, C++ and so on for server-side scripting among which some of them are described below:

PHP - It is the most prevalent server-side language used on the web which was designed to extract and manipulate information in the database. The language is used in association with SQL language for the Database. It is used in Facebook, WordPress and Wikipedia. 

Python - The language is fast and contains shorter code. It is good for beginners as it concentrates on the readability and simplicity of the code. Python functions well in the obejct-oriented environment and used in famous sites like YouTube, Google, etc. 

Ruby - A dynamic, open source programming language with a focus on simplicity and productivity. It has an elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write. 

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